The armorer uses a suit of specialized arcane armor (typically heavy) to deal a lot of elemental damage. The Cleric class says: At level 1, you know three cantrips of your choice from the cleric spell list. That means that a cleric 1/wizard 19 can use a 9th level spell slot to cast cure wounds. Featured on Meta We're rolling back the. A 5e Guide for Barbarian Bard Multiclassing Turn your sweet bardic music into angry music and get ready to become a dwarf metalhead, we're going through bard/barbarian multiclassing. Some D&D 5e builds may not work well in BG3. It is from Dragon Magazine 325, pg. I'm pretty happy with it. Your Cleric 8 / Thief 9 should have gained 1/4 × 8 = 2 weapon proficiencies†. Playing Aids. Get 70% OFF NordPass Premium + 1 Month Free or use code dndshorts at checkout. Blood Hunter - A Martial Class for 5th Edition Dungeons & Dragons. Multiclassing allows you to gain levels in multiple classes. Fighter Class Details. Homebrew is off for Race - enabling this option allows you select options you would not normally have (turns on homebrew rules) select 1. My DM didn't use this system apparently and I. Proficiency Bonus. 💡 Multiclassing is a way to build a highly customized character that involves gaining levels in multiple classes. He strongly believes in understanding the. Customize your cleric with this D&D 5E multiclass guide. The denominations of those HD are dependent on the. and has the Tough feat. Cleric 2/Wizard 3 is a level 5 multiclass spellcaster, thus they get a 3rd level spell slot, but neither class is independently able to learn level 3 spells. Enter your level in each of the. 5e Multiclass Spell Slots Calculator courses, Find and join million of free online courses through FaqCourse. Baldur's Gate III is based on a modified version of the Dungeons & Dragons 5th edition (D&D 5e) tabletop RPG ruleset. Beyond the first level, a creature can choose to either roll the die and add the result to your hit points (most groups re-roll 1s), or take an average roll which is always detailed on the class for which you got each set of hit dice, and is always regular. D&D 5E – Multiclass Spell Slot Calculator | Dungeon Master Assistance Dungeon Master Assistance Where anyone over 18 can share thoughts and ideas on RPGs. This is covered in the Spellcasting section of the multiclassing optional rule: Spells Known and Prepared. As a War cleric (15)/Battlesmith artificer (5) you would know 2 artificer cantrips, as well as 5 cleric. You determine the spells you know/prepare for each class individually, pretending you have just that class. Class and Level: Constitution Modifier: Tough Feat. Spell Slot Calculator For Daily Use. D&D 5e Multiclassing Spell Slot Calculator. Multiclassing lets you combine classes together, and feats are special options you can choose instead of increasing your ability scores as you gain levels. Different classes gain these advances at different levels (the Fighter is the clearest example of this), and there is no unified table of advancement by character level. The man’s walk was marked by an easy grace—an elvish grace, Flint would have said; yet the man’s body had the thickness and tight muscles of a human. So while the number of Hit Dice you have is equal to your overall character level (4 in this case). Multiclassing is a popular option among Dungeons & Dragons players, allowing them to create unique character builds by combining different classes. Hill Dwarf. Your Hit Dice will go from 2d8 to 2d8 + 1d12. Spell Slots To make it simple, go check this D&D 5e Multiclassing Spell Slot Calculator. According to the Player's Handbook as far as multiclassing: You determine what spells you know and can prepare for each class individually, as if you were a single-classed member of that class. Many single classed guides exist, which can go into more detail on each combination, but no guide has consolidated the bottom line up front, quick reference data until now. Elf. DnD Druids are known for a few things: casting nature-themed magic, having an animal companion (in this edition, sadly relegated to an optional class feature), and turning into animals to fight. They are skilled tinkerers who use a potent combination of magic and engineering to deal damage, heal allies, and whirr and buzz their ways to victory. Height = 4’8” + 11 ( 2d10) = 5’7”. Please click on the feat's name or check the relevant sourcebook to see its full description and any special notes or errata not reflected here. #5. Me and my players discussed it and. Only the first class taken gets "1st level HP". Giant Mech Suit. 51 subclasses modeled. Clerics are one of the original D&D classes, and harken back to when the game was Fighting-Man, Cleric, and Magic-User. He thought he saw the figure of a man striding up the path. Prepared spells follow the rules for each class independently. Another way to calculate multiclass spell slots is to use the Multiclass Spellcasting. . You gain the 1st level hit points only from your very first level as a 1st level character. If your character or build doesn't fit into one of the other class sub-forums, post about it here. Players guide5e point buy abilities roll random enough six variation options give good some table d6 Methods & madness: "random point buy" abilities for d&d 5eDnd 5e point buy. It's basically lagging behind 2 levels. Armed with the rites of forbidden blood magic. Initiative Score: Each creature. The full multiclassing rules can be found on pages 163-165 of the Players Handbook, and if you’re. 3 days ago Web 5e SRD:Multiclassing This material is published under the OGL Contents 1 Multiclassing 1. This bundle includes both physical and digital versions of an introductory adventure book, a beginner player’s rulebook, 5 ready-to-play characters, and 6. DnD Beyond. Uncanny Dodge: At 7th level, she gains uncanny dodge. You determine what spells you know and can prepare for each class individually, as if you were a single-classed member of that class. Larian may adjust these rules in BG3. Me: Okay, so start with 6, cuz you get all your hitpoints: thats one level, now take half of that die rounded up (assuming your using average hp) or 3. Requirement: Strength 13 or Dexterity 13. The D&D 5e rules for multiclassing can be found here for free. Use this. Giving ASI or feat for every 4 total levels incentivises multiclassing, and steps on the toes of the fighter class that gets an extra ASI at level 6. If you multiclass but have the Spellcasting feature from only one class, you follow the rules as described in that class. Found these on the interwebs, they're amazing. Spread the love. Feats: Mage Slayer. The first path is the Bard 3 Build. Courses 222 View detail Preview site. Enter your level in each of the classes, and then watch the magic happen. When you do so, choose a number of artificer spells equal to your Intelligence modifier + half your artificer level, rounded down (minimum of one spell). Fill Down. As an inferno rages around her foes, leathery wings spread from her back and she takes to the air. Multiclassing into wizard is one of the strictest as you do NOT get any additional proficiencies (by the official rules, if your DM has said something different do what your DM says). This is, incidentally, the same spell slots any single-classed 10th-level full-caster would have. D&D 5e Multiclassing Spell Slot Calculator. So, let's talk about the most c. Yes, you get cantrips for both classes. Courses 124 View detail Preview site. It creates a versatile array of class options and can result in some incredibly well-rounded class setups, like. If you're a sixth level bard with 2 levels of warlock, you have the spellslots of a 6th level bard and also the spellslots of a 2nd level warlock. But the classes actually round up in their calculations. The Life Domain is a powerful tool in D&D 5e, but it can be easy to misunderstand the strengths of its abilities. Dwarf. To quickly summarize: Multiclassing is an optional rule. *Not. Divine Smite –Allows you to turn spell slots into raw damage when you hit with an attack. Larian may adjust these rules in BG3. In the beginning of 5e, both monk and ranger were the worst classes (monk still is) so they were overlooked, but after Tasha’s and the update of the ranger class wisdom classes are now good. Multiclassing 5e Spell Slots. 1. Normally, they do not stack. Character Optimization – DnD 5e – RPGBOT. They excel as a Support character, but make decent Defenders, Healers, and Strikers, too. My assumption would be is that if you are multiclass you get to pick the hit dice you want to Stack Exchange Network Stack Exchange network consists of 183 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow , the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Draconic Sorcerer. Artificers have special rules for multiclassing when it comes to spell slots. This is a Multiclassing guide as a tool for beginners and seasoned players alike. Updated on May 6, 2023 by Chris Stomberg : There are a nigh infinite number of multiclass combinations available in Dungeons & Dragons, so it ought to come as no surprise that this list isn't exactly exhaustive. Home D&D 5E – Multiclass Spell Slot. As you have described the situation Cure Wounds is not a Wizard spell for the purposes of this preparation step. View User Profile View Posts Send Message D&D Beyond Founders Queen of Storms; Join Date. Note I used Total Level instead of Level. Thanks all! Stat in oval, single class. A useful tool for planning out character builds. Dungeons & Dragons, D&D, their respective logos, and all Wizards titles and characters are property of Wizards of the Coast LLC in the U. First, I needed code to parse dice expression syntax (stuff like 1d8+3+1d6). Introduction. In Ranger and Paladin classes, cut the levels in half rounded down. Cause obviously a rogue/paladin with negative charisma and strength is very broken. However, they have a severe drawback as a ranger multiclass option. So we have 6 + 8 = 14. Bard and barbarian is an interesting mix, but just picture your frothing mad bardbarian hero war yodeling their way over fallen enemies into the thick of. ago. If a character does not meet the Requirements for a. Courses 115 View detail Preview site. Dungeons & Dragons, D&D, their respective logos, and all Wizards. Just keep in mind that being a Cleric/Barbarian is highly unadvised, since you can't cast or concentrate on spells. Multi-classing rules for spells are described in detail on page 164 and 165 of the Player's Handbook. Multiclassing Honestly, I just use this D&D 5e HP Calculator with the multiclass option. View Character Builder. No, there are no rules for what you have to do before multiclassing. Multiclass Spellcasting Calculator: Dungeons and Dragons 5e. With this rule, you have the option of gaining a level in a new class whenever you advance in level, instead of gaining. It is from Dragon Magazine 325, pg 61 (so take it with a grain of salt). If your DEX is 8, your modifier is a -1. Whenever you gain a level, you get one step closer to a higher proficiency bonus. Would you gain or lose any spell slots or because both classes are half you keep the amount of slots you get from your base class?Karen Vazquez. Which is another indicator that you round down before adding. So you still have 3x 1st level slots. Multiclass spellcasting. a 4 wizard/1. How spellbooks work is explained on p. The spells you know/can prepare depend on each class individualy. Search by Subject Or Level. This may be obvious to others more familiar with the mechanics of DND, but for me its unclear for example what happens if I combine my Drow Ranger::Doomstalker with a. Enter your level in each of the. Classes: Armorer Artificer 16 / Rune Knight Fighter 4. Characters take on these Classes from the start of the game and then develop and get stronger, gaining new strengths and. This rule has been in Dungeons & Dragons for a long time – since Advanced Dungeons & Dragons – but 5E introduces a few unique rules to make things easier. A. Rogues rely on skill, stealth, and their foes' vulnerabilities to get the upper hand in any situation. I don't know who created it, if anyone knows, please let me know so I can thank them give them credit. D&D 5e HP Calculator My character is a level Barbarian Bard Cleric Druid Fighter Monk Paladin Ranger Rogue Sorcerer Warlock Wizard Which has a CON modifier score of Multiclass Spellcasting Calculator: Dungeons and Dragons 5e. Just keep in mind that being a Cleric/Barbarian is highly unadvised, since you can't cast or concentrate on spells. D&d 5e multiclassing spell slot calculator. Being a new player to the D&D world, I've come across something called " Multi-class penalties". · 8 mo. org If you already know the class that you want to focus on (your “primary class”) but want to explore multiclassing, this section offers several go-to multiclass options for each class which you can pick up without a ton of trouble and without adding a lot of complication to your build. Lanefan said: Don't allow multi-classing within the same class group. So we compute instead: h + l - 1. Archetype Casters (Eldritch Knight, Arcane Trickster) add 1/3 their levels. In the world of DnD 5e, hit points (HP) play a vital role in determining the survival and combat effectiveness of characters. When the topic of multiclassing spellcasting classes comes up, half casters and third casters are either extremely easy to figure out or present some of the most complicated rules in all of 5th. 6+1+1+2=10. Multiclass Option: Fighter. So no, a single level in paldin doesn't give you fewer spell slots. You can either roll a set of dice or you can take the standard starting equipment according to your class and background. As players continue to iterate. Courses 222 View detail Preview site. The rule for this is on p164 in the Player's Handbook relating to multiclassing under Spells Known and Prepared. Or maybe your Fighter begins to answer to a higher calling and begin walking the path of a pious Cleric. Feats can provide bonuses to skills, proficiency with new weapons or armor, or even grant entirely new abilities such as spellcasting or the ability to make extra attacks. Oooh, got it. 48 spells and spell-like abilities modeled, with automatic upcasting. Please note. Welcome to this Dungeons & Dragons 5th Edition wiki. Characters in video games usually have to be “confined” to a particular class. 1 week ago Web This is a calculator to determine how many slots you have to cast spells in Dungeons and Dragons, 5th edition. S. Fill All Down. Courses 468 View detail Preview siteLeveling your character up is the most reliable way to up your spell save DC. dnd-5e; character-creation; hit-points. Last edited by InquisitiveCoder: Nov 16, 2017. Your Spellcasting ability modifier is then the same as your modifier for that attribute. When you multiclass do you round down your half-caster classes and third-caster classes seperately and add the result of do you add all the levels together and round down the result. So increased flexibility at the cost of lower power, which is exactly how multiclassing is supposed to work. This is consistent amongst any class, any multiclassing option, and every character; If a Rogue and a Fighter swing a Dagger at an enemy, they add the same Proficiency Bonus to that swing. Your spellcasting ability is determined by the class that the spell comes from and is usually between the choices of Intelligence, Wisdom and Charisma. Welcome to Flutes’ exhaustive guide for D&D 5e Druid multiclassing character concepts. Wizard 6 / Cleric 1 / Paladin 3 / Artificer 3. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Armor. Warlock+Whatever treats everything separately in terms of slots, and they have to be tracked separately since in some cases it matters (e. And BG3 may have some really good multiclassing builds that wouldn't be possible in tabletop. Of course, the problem lies in how multiclassing in or out of Paladin requires 13 STR. Lets look at an example Sorc 4/Wiz 3 Multiclass: Based on the PHB multi-class rules u/Urobolos noted above, you're a 7th level caster, with 4/3/3/1 spell slots. The levels in Wizard, Sorcerer, Druid, Cleric, and Bard are to be added together. When you do so, choose a number of artificer spells equal to your Intelligence modifier + half your artificer level, rounded down (minimum of one spell). Multiclassing in Baldur’s Gate 3 is complex, but it allows for even more freedom of character choice and potential roleplay opportunities for those that choose to learn the mechanics. Dungeon Master Matthew Mercer is in it for the long-haul with all the details on how to multiclass your 5th Edition D&D character!Featuring doodles by our fr. 164 in the rules on Multiclassing (credit to Rubiksmoose for pointing this out): Each spell you know and prepare is associated with one of your classes, and you use the spellcasting ability of that class when you cast the spell. Dungeons & Dragon's artificer is a master tinkerer, creating and using magical items to enhance their combat prowess or their allies'. Multiclassing 5E proficiency bonus. When multiclassing, you are choosing to take beginning levels from another class instead of leveling up in your initial choice. You don't have any other ones. Proficiencies When gaining your first level in a new class, you only gain some of the new class's starting proficiencies, as shown in the Multiclassing Proficiencies table. Extended Signature: Homebrew Stuff Unlimited Blade Works: The Guide to the Ultimate Paladin/Sorcerer Multiclass. It was in pretty good shape then, but u/Lazyspartan101 found a bug, and. In D&D, multiclassing is the act of gaining a level in another class or classes to gain advantages and abilities. Ability score modifiers increase when the score itself increases to an even number. There is a feat, however, called Druidic Theurgy. Introduction. Stat in oval, multiclass. Courses30. Spell Slots. Divine Smite can enhance a ranger's damage significantly. In Dungeons and Dragons, multiclassing is when you specialize in more classes than one. Wisdom multiclassing is underrated. 5thEdition Dungeons and Dragons might. Any class with less than the best BAB gives you a +0 to start, so there's a penalty to multiclassing as it puts you off your attack progression, so cleric 4 is +3, monk 2 is +1, and swoprdsage 2 is +1 fopr a total BAB of +5. Dungeons & Dragons, D&D, their respective logos, and all Wizards titles and characters are property. Compute For Your Spell Attack Modifier – Using your Spellcasting Modifier, use this formula to compute your Spell Attack Modifier: = Spell Attack Modifier. In this tutorial, we will go over how to calculate spell slots for multiclass characters in 5th Edition D. As stated elsewhere, they are two different sources. Right now, you cannot use the warlock slots to make sorcery points, but can use metamagic like normal. Stat in box, multiclass. show info. Find a bug? Just want to say hi? Contact Me. This wiki hosts DND 5e content that is setting-specific, play-test content, or unofficial 'homebrew' content. Multiclass Spellcasting Calculator: Dungeons and Dragons 5e. The table is on page 165. No, it's not. D&D 5th Edition Character Planner. Rage: At 3rd level, she gains the rage class feature for a number of rounds per day equal to her Constitution modifier + her character level. + Multiclass. There is a feat, however, called Druidic Theurgy. covers RPGs of all stripes and on occasion eats sandwiches. The Spell Slot Calculator is an indispensable aid for both novice and seasoned players. Dwarf. 15 comments Best Top New Controversial Q&A. 1 week ago Web This is a calculator to determine how many slots you have to cast spells in Dungeons and Dragons, 5th edition. If you are to multiclass, there are two ways to go about it. A multiclass character uses character level to determine the damage of a cantrip. Powered by 5e multiclass spell slot calculator algorithms, this tool enables characters to combine classes seamlessly while optimizing their spellcasting. You don't have any other ones. 5 days ago Web To calculate your spell slots when multiclassing, follow these steps: Step 1: Determine Spellcaster Levels: Identify the classes you have chosen for multiclassing and note the. :Power Rangers music plays in the background:). In point-buy, buying a STR of 13. Stormknight. It allows a spellcasting class to make up for up to 4 caster levels lost by multiclassing. Maybe on a later play of it. Many years ago I once allowed a MU-Illusionist multiclass and came to regret it mightily. The most straightforward way is to add the levels of each class together. If you're rounding down, (7/3)+ (1/2)=2 . The slots you get from the multiclassing rules don't apply. If you play a magic-user in DnD 5e then as one of your class abilities you will receive some number of spell slots. I wanted some other option other than epic boons for higher levels. I had two problems and decided to make them fight each other. When multiclassing in D&D 5e, calculate spell slots by adding levels from each class. (Lower power in the sense of less potent spells, of course. Multiclass Combinations Guide Artificer. Sorted by class. The logic. Partial Casters and Multiclassing. You already have access to the Hex spell and to Hexblade's Curse from your level of Hexblade warlock, so I assume you are already using those to boost the damage your rapier deals. I ran across this excellent spell slot calculator and felt like I had to share it. Single-classed paladins and rangers have the same spell slots as a full caster of. Refer to the multiclass spellcasting table for total slots. Use this total to determine your spell slots by consulting the Multiclass Spellcaster table. You decide your available spell slots by adding all your degrees in the bard, cleric, druid, sorcerer, wizard classes, and half your degrees (rounded down) from the paladin and ranger classes. A level. By adding a level to an additional class, you’ll receive the extra proficiency bonuses from that class. bug fixes for Battlemasters, Darkness, Prone, etc, etc. Diversify your druid with this 5E Druid multiclass guide. Strictly speaking, the answer is "as many as the number of levels you have been awarded". PeteNutButter's Ultimate Optimizer's Multiclassing Guide This is a Multiclassing guide as a tool for beginners and seasoned players alike. With this rule, you have the option of gaining a level in a new class whenever you advance in level, instead of gaining. If you play a magic-user in DnD 5e then as one of your class abilities you will receive some number of spell slots. Multiclassing in 4th edition Dungeons & Dragons means taking a multiclass feat to gain some of the benefits of a second class. The D&D 5e Multiclassing Guide You Need to Read. Artificer (UA 2019) Barbarian Bard Cleric Druid Fighter Monk Paladin Ranger Rogue Sorcerer Warlock Wizard. A level 3 Wizard and level 2 Sorcerer have four 1st-level slots and two 2nd-level slots. Between their available archetypes, they’re able to serve mixes roles as scouts, strikers, blaster, support casters, and controllers. Whenever you gain a level, you get one step closer to a higher proficiency bonus. Forums & Topics. Blood Hunter - A Martial Class for 5th Edition Dungeons & Dragons. Druids are a versatile core class based on what team role your character will fill: healer, tank, damage-dealer, support, etc. Home D&D 5E – Multiclass Spell Slot. So, if you rolled an 11, you’d have to subtract -1 from that roll, meaning your total initiative would be a 10. Simple weapon or tool. How Spell Slots Work. As a third level multiclass spellcaster, you have 4 first level spell slots and 2 second level spell slots but neither Artificer 4 nor Cleric 1 can prepare 2nd level spells. Multiclass spell slots: when dividing the levels of multiple classes, you divide, round down, and then add the results together. Multiclassing in DND 5e seems easy enough. Spell Slots. The Character Advancement table summarizes the XP you need to advance in levels from level 1 through level 20, and the proficiency bonus for a character of that level. dnd 5e - How do I. Multiclassing is a feature in Baldur's Gate 3, which gives players a chance to further deepen the customization of their characters. So you divide your paladin levels by 2 (rounding down) and add them to your Sorcerer levels. If not multiclassing: Choose your character’s class and level from the dropdown menus. 3 days ago Web This calculator uses the multiclassing rules found in the 5th Edition Player's Handbook, with the assumption that artificers will be treated as half-casters, like paladins and rangers. Blood Hunter Multiclassing with Warlock If multiclassing Order of the Profane Soul with Warlock levels, add a third of your blood hunter levels (rounded down) to your Warlock level and consult the Warlock progression table in the Player’s Handbook for total Spell Slots,. While the Fighter has an. Check the multiclassing rules in the PHB. Additional comment actions. A quick Overview: - Keeps track of character at each level - as opposed to just one level 20 character sheet. You will only have two Warlock slots that cast everything at spell level 5. You can increase your scores using the Ability Score Improvement (ASI) feature, which every class gains at levels 4, 8, 12, 16, and 19. Your DEX modifier can negatively affect a roll if it’s low. 1 week ago Web Or, you can use this cool spell slot calculator. Spells Known and Prepared. There is a great Rogue subclass combination for all of the gaps mentioned below, such as Soulknife, Swashbuckler, Scout, or Inquisitor. Unlike standard DND 5e rules, Larian has removed the Ability Score Prerequisites. With the right (or wrong) multiclassing, a single save can sky-rocket while the other saves and/or your BAB stays low. Ultimate Optimizer's Multiclassing Guide. 4 days ago Web This is a calculator to determine how many slots you have to cast spells in Dungeons and Dragons, 5th edition. When casting a spell as a ritual, the time it takes to cast is extended by 10 minutes. The spells must be of a level for which you have spell slots. We’ll use humans as an example (which you can see below). Additional comment actions. Consult the information in your character’s class description to see what other improvements you gain at each level. Updated Multiclass Calculator Spreadsheet - many new features, no further updates planned. So multiclass slots are the only slots you even have. Being Tier 1 in 4 classes is going to get you annihilated if you are fighting a Tier 4 enemy. Halve your levels in paladin and ranger rounded down. I don't know who created it, if anyone knows, please let me know so I can thank them give them credit. Stormknight. Druid. HD Type 1st HD Standard Later HD Variant Later HD; d4: 4 +1d4 ea +3 ea: d6: 6 +1d6 ea +4 ea: d8: 8 +1d8 ea +5 ea: d10: 10. Ever since the dawn of D&D, they’ve been the wielders of divine power. You’ll also want a handy way to keep track of. When you find a wizard spell of 1st level or higher, you can add it to your spellbook if it is of a level for which you have spell slots and if you can spare the time to decipher and copy it. Proficiency bonuses are based on character level, not class level. 25+ dnd point buy calculator 5e. She presses an ear to the door, then pulls out a set of tools and picks the lock in the blink of an eye. Second, I was really sick of manually calculating DPR. You can export your character as either an XML file or into the DnD 5e official character sheet though, cementing this builder’s utility for beginners. the first-level features of another. They have a knack for finding the solution to just about any problem, demonstrating a resourcefulness and versatility that is the cornerstone of any successful adventuring party. Roll dice right from your sheet, track your spells, inventory, hit points, and more. D&D 5E – Multiclass Spell Slot Calculator | Dungeon Master Assistance Dungeon Master Assistance Where anyone over 18 can share thoughts and ideas on RPGs. They are a measurement of magical strength that can be used in a single day. I ran across this excellent spell slot calculator and felt like I had to share it. Hit points represent a combination of a character’s physical and mental resilience, representing their ability to withstand damage and continue fighting. How to Multiclass in D&D for Beginners. Multiclassing allows you to gain levels in multiple classes. If you are a ranger 4/wizard 3, for example, you know three 1st. Level. Working now. 1/3*rogue (arcane trickster) level rounded down. – guildsbounty. Gestalt Characters. show info. Half Casters (Paladin/Ranger) add 1/2 their levels. Experience Points. The Multiclass Spellcasting rules state (PHB, p.